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| 1947 |
| | | Jawaharlal Nehru becomes prime minister of the newly independent republic of India | |
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| 1947 |
| | | Muslim leader Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes the first governor-general of the new state of Pakistan | |
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| 1947 |
| | | Muslims proclaim an independent state in west Kashmir, defying the wishes of the maharaja | |
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| 1947 |
| | | Violent sectarian division in Kashmir results in war between India and Pakistan in support of the rival sides | |
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| 1948 |
| | | Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated at a Delhi prayer meeting by a Hindu extremist, Nathuram Godse | |
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| 1949 |
| | | The first Indo-Pakistani war ends with a Kashmir demarcation line approved by the UN but acceptable to neither state | |
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| 1950 |
| | | Le Corbusier begins a 15-year project designing Chandigarh as a new joint capital for Punjab and Hariyana | |
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| 1952 |
| | | Albanian missionary Mother Teresa opens the Nirmal Hriday, or Kalighat Home for Dying Destitutes, in Calcutta | |
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| 1953 |
| | | New Zealander Edmund Hillary and the Sherpa Tenzing Norgay stand together on the top of Everest | |
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| 1955 |
| | | Indian director Satyajit Ray makes his first film, Pather Panchali | |
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